How RoRo shipping works for used cars
RoRo stands for Roll-on/Roll-off. The vehicle is driven onto the vessel at the port of loading and driven off at the port of discharge. Unlike container shipping, you do not need a container or a crate. This makes RoRo a common method for moving used cars in trade volumes. The shipping line issues a bill of lading that names the consignee and the vehicle. You should confirm with your supplier which port and which vessel the car will be loaded on before you commit.
For a trade buyer, RoRo is often used when you are importing multiple vehicles or a single unit. The vehicle must be in running condition to be driven on and off the ship. If it is not running, the shipping line may refuse it or require special arrangements. You should ask your supplier to confirm the car starts, moves, and steers. Also confirm that the vehicle has no loose parts or leaks that could cause damage during loading.
What to check before you book RoRo space
Before booking, verify the vehicle dimensions and weight. RoRo pricing is often based on cubic meters or a fixed rate per unit, but the shipping line needs accurate measurements. If the car is longer, wider, or taller than declared, you may face extra charges or refusal. Ask your supplier for the exact length, width, height, and weight. Also check the ground clearance and whether the car has any modifications that affect its ability to be driven on the ramp.
Check the vehicle documents. You need the original title, export certificate, and any customs paperwork required by your country. The bill of lading must match the consignee name exactly. If you are buying from a dealer, confirm they can provide these documents before the vessel departs. Missing or incorrect documents can cause the car to be held at the destination port, leading to storage fees and delays. Always request copies of all documents for your review before shipment.
Common catches buyers face with RoRo
One common catch is hidden damage. Because the car is driven on and off, it may be moved by port staff who are not careful. You should ask for photos of the vehicle before loading and after loading. If the car arrives with damage, you need evidence to file a claim with the shipping line. Another catch is that RoRo schedules can change. Vessels may be delayed or rerouted. Do not promise your customer a delivery date until the vessel has departed and you have a confirmed arrival estimate from the line.
Another catch is that RoRo does not include insurance by default. You must arrange marine insurance separately. If you do not, you bear the full risk of loss or damage. Also, some ports have limited RoRo berths, so your car may be discharged at a different port than expected. Check with your freight forwarder about the actual discharge port and any additional inland transport costs. Finally, be aware that RoRo terminals may charge fees for storage if you do not clear customs quickly.
How to find accurate costs and timelines
You should not rely on generic estimates for RoRo costs. Freight rates change with fuel prices, season, and vessel capacity. To get an accurate rate, contact a freight forwarder or the shipping line directly with the vehicle details and the port pair. Ask for a quote that includes all surcharges, such as terminal handling, documentation, and security fees. Also ask about the expected transit time and the frequency of sailings on that route. Get this in writing before you book.
For timelines, ask the shipping line for the vessel schedule and the estimated time of arrival at the destination port. Keep in mind that customs clearance can add days or weeks depending on your country. You should also check local import regulations, such as age limits or inspection requirements, before you ship. Your freight forwarder can help you understand these rules. Do not assume that because a car is allowed in one country, it is allowed in another.
Final checks before you commit
Before you pay for the vehicle and shipping, confirm the total landed cost. This includes the vehicle price, RoRo freight, insurance, customs duties, taxes, and any port charges. Ask your forwarder for a breakdown. Also confirm who is responsible for each cost. In some cases, the supplier may quote a price that only covers loading, not the ocean freight. Make sure you understand the terms, such as FOB or CIF, and what they include. If you are unsure, ask for clarification in writing.
Finally, inspect the vehicle or have a third party inspect it. If you cannot inspect it yourself, hire a local inspector in China to check the car before it is shipped. They can verify the condition, mileage, and documents. This small cost can save you from a large loss. Once the car is loaded, it is difficult to resolve disputes. So do your due diligence before the vessel sails. A careful approach will help you avoid the common pitfalls of RoRo shipping.
Frequently asked questions
- What does RoRo mean for used car shipping?
- RoRo stands for Roll-on/Roll-off, meaning the car is driven onto the ship and driven off at the destination. It is a common method for moving used vehicles without a container.
- What documents do I need for RoRo shipping?
- You typically need the original title, export certificate, and a bill of lading that matches the consignee. Check your country's specific import requirements with a freight forwarder.
- Is insurance included in RoRo shipping?
- No, marine insurance is usually not included and must be arranged separately. Without it, you bear the full risk of loss or damage during transit.
